Instalación base de Gentoo
Fuente:
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/es
Instalacion System Rescue Junio 2021
Preparación de Disco
parted -a optimal /dev/sdb
mklabel gpt
Yes/No? yes
Trabajar en megabytes
unit mib
Partición de arranque GRUB2
mkpart primary 1 3
name 1 grub parted -a optimal /dev/sda
set 1 bios_grub on
Partición de arranque BOOT UEFI
mkpart primary 3 256
name 2 boot
set 2 boot on
Partición de Intercambio SWAP
mkpart primary 256 2304
name 3 swap
Partición ROOT
mkpart primary 2304 6400
name 4 rootfs
Particion LVM
mkpart primary 6400 -1
set 5 lvm on
name 5 lvmfs
Resultado (según necesidades)
Model: ATA SK hynix SC300B (scsi)Disk /dev/sdb: 488386MiB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1.00MiB 3.00MiB 2.00MiB grub bios_grub
2 3.00MiB 256MiB 253MiB boot boot, esp
3 256MiB 2304MiB 2048MiB swap
4 2304MiB 6400MiB 4096MiB rootfs
5 6400MiB 488385MiB 481985MiB lvmfs lvm
Salir de parted
quit
Utilizar UEFI
mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sdb2
Creación de LVM
pvcreate /dev/sdb5
vgcreate vg /dev/sdb5
mkdir /mnt/gentoo
Raíz
mkfs.ext4 -T small /dev/sdb4
mount /dev/sdb4 /mnt/gentoo
Swap
mkswap /dev/sdb3
swapon /dev/sdb3
mkdir -p /mnt/gentoo/{var,tmp,home,opt,usr}
/Var
lvcreate -L+4G -n var vg
mkfs.ext4 -T small /dev/vg/var
mount /dev/vg/var /mnt/gentoo/var
mkdir -p /mnt/gentoo/var/{tmp,cache}
/Var/cache
lvcreate -L+4G -n var_cache vg
mkfs.ext4 -T small /dev/vg/var_cache
mount /dev/vg/var_cache /mnt/gentoo/var/cache
/Var/tmp
lvcreate -L+6G -n var_tmp vgparted -a optimal /dev/sd
mkfs.ext4 -T small /dev/vg/var_tmp
mount /dev/vg/var_tmp /mnt/gentoo/var/tmp
chmod 177 /mnt/gentoo/var/tmp
/Tmp
lvcreate -L+2G -n tmp vg
mkfs.ext4 -T small /dev/vg/tmp
mount /dev/vg/tmp /mnt/gentoo/tmp
chmod 177 /mnt/gentoo/tmp
/Usr
lvcreate -L+8G -n usr vg
mkfs.ext4 -T small /dev/vg/usr
mount /dev/vg/usr /mnt/gentoo/usr
/opt
lvcreate -L+1G -n opt vg
mkfs.ext4 -T small /dev/vg/opt
mount /dev/vg/opt /mnt/gentoo/opt
lvcreate -L+100G -n home vg
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg/home
mount /dev/vg/home /mnt/gentoo/home
Descarga el stage
cd /mnt/gentoo/
wget -c https://bouncer.gentoo.org/fetch/root/all/releases/amd64/autobuilds/20210630T214504Z/stage3-amd64-20210630T214504Z.tar.xz
Extraer sl stage comprimido
tar xpvf stage3-*.tar.* --xattrs-include='*.*' --numeric-owner
COMMON_FLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"
CFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
CXXFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
FCFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
FFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
#MAKEOPTS
MAKEOPTS="-j4"
# NOTE: This stage was built with the bindist Use flag enabled
PORTDIR="/var/db/repos/gentoo"
DISTDIR="/var/cache/distfiles"
PKGDIR="/var/cache/binpkgs"
# This sets the language of build output to English.
# Please keep this setting intact when reporting bugs.
LC_MESSAGES=C
Enjaulamiento
Seleccionar los servidores réplica
mirrorselect -i -o >> /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/make.conf
Ejemplo (Si usas SystemRescue como instalador)
GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://mirrors.rit.edu/gentoo/"
SYNC="rsync://rsync5.us.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage"
mkdir --parents /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/repos.conf
cp /mnt/gentoo/usr/share/portage/config/repos.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/repos.conf/gentoo.conf
Copiar la información DNS
cp --dereference /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/
Montar los sistemas de archivos necesarios
mount --types proc /proc /mnt/gentoo/proc
mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/sys
mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/sys
mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/dev
Use system Rescue para Instalar
test -L /dev/shm && rm /dev/shm && mkdir /dev/shm
mount --types tmpfs --options nosuid,nodev,noexec shm /dev/shm
chmod 1777 /dev/shm
Entrar en el nuevo entorno chroot
chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
source /etc/profile
export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}"
Montaje parición de Arranque
mount /dev/sda2 /boot
Configurar Portage
emerge-webrsync -v
emerge --sync -v
Leer los elementos de noticias
eselect news list
eselect news read
Elegir el perfil adecuado
eselect profile list
eselect profile set 1
[1] default/linux/amd64/17.1 (stable) *
cpuid2cpuflags
emerge -q app-portage/cpuid2cpuflags
cpuid2cpuflags
CPU_FLAGS_X86: mmx mmxext popcnt sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3
nano -w /etc/portage/make.conf
CPU_FLAGS_X86="mmx mmxext popcnt sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3"
Actualizar el conjunto @world
emerge -q --ask --verbose --update --deep --newuse @world
Opcional: Configurar la variable ACCEPT_LICENSE
nano -w /etc/portage/make.conf
ACCEPT_LICENSE="*"
Bajar y compilar paquetes básicos de la instalación
Predeterminado: GRUB2
echo 'GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64"' >> /etc/portage/make.conf
echo "net-wireless/wpa_supplicant dbus" > /etc/portage/package.use/wpa_supplicant
Descarga en background o en otra terminal
emerge -f pciutils gentoo-sources linux-firmware syslog-ng logrotate cronie mlocate e2fsprogs dosfstools dhcpcd ppp networkmanager sys-boot/grub:2 mcelog genkernel lvm2
Zona Horaria
echo "America/Caracas" > /etc/timezone
emerge -q timezone-data
Configurar localizaciones
nano -w /etc/locale.gen
es_VE ISO-8859-1
es_VE.UTF-8 UTF-8
en_US ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
locale-gen
eselect locale list
Selección de localización
[1] C
[2] C.utf8
[3] POSIX
[4] en_US
[5] en_US.iso88591
[6] en_US.utf8
[7] es_VE
[8] es_VE.iso88591
[9] es_VE.utf8
[10] C.UTF8 *
[ ] (free form)
eselect locale set 9
eselect locale list
Available targets for the LANG variable:
[1] C
[2] C.utf8
[3] POSIX
[4] en_US
[5] en_US.iso88591
[6] en_US.utf8
[7] es_VE
[8] es_VE.iso88591
[9] es_VE.utf8 *
[ ] (free form)
nano -w /etc/env.d/02locale
LANG="es_VE.utf8"
LC_COLLATE="C"
env-update && source /etc/profile && export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}"
Compilacion de los paquetes necesarios
emerge -q pciutils gentoo-sources linux-firmware syslog-ng logrotate cronie mlocate e2fsprogs dosfstools dhcpcd ppp networkmanager sys-boot/grub:2 mcelog genkernel lvm2
Compilar e Instalar
make -j4 && make -j4 modules_install && make -j4 install
Initramfs
genkernel --lvm --install initramfs
Confgurar el sistema
Crear el archivo fstab
nano -w /etc/fstab
/dev/sda2 /boot ext2 defaults 0 2
/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/sda4 / ext4 noatime 0 1
/dev/vg/home /home ext4 noatime 0 1
/dev/vg/opt /opt ext4 noatime 0 1
/dev/vg/tmp /tmp ext4 noatime 0 1
/dev/vg/usr /usr ext4 noatime 0 1
/dev/vg/var /var ext4 noatime 0 1
/dev/vg/var_tmp /var/tmp ext4 noatime 0 1
/dev/vg/var_cache /var/cache ext4 noatime 0 1
Nombre de equipo
nano -w /etc/conf.d/hostname
nano -w /etc/conf.d/net
Clave root
passwd
nano -w /etc/rc.conf
nano -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps
nano -w /etc/conf.d/hwclock
rc-update add syslog-ng default
rc-update add cronie default
rc-update add sshd default
rc-update add NetworkManager default
rc-update add lvm boot
nano -w /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="net.ifnames=0 dolvm"
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Reiniciar el sistema
exit
cd
umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}
umount -R /mnt/gentoo/{tmp,usr,opt,home}
umount -R /mnt/gentoo
Creacion de Usuario
useradd -m -G users,wheel,audio,cdrom,usb,video -s /bin/bash ftaborda
passwd ftaborda
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